Embarking on the journey of pregnancy is both exciting and overwhelming, especially in the early stages. Understanding the available resources, common symptoms, and necessary tests can help make this journey smoother.

This guide provides an overview of what to expect and the steps to take during early pregnancy. It will also answer questions such as how early you can take a pregnancy test, when pregnancy symptoms start, and when to book your first pregnancy scan.

Recognising early pregnancy symptoms

How early can you take a test for pregnancy? Pregnancy symptoms can start as early as one to two weeks after conception. Early signs of pregnancy can vary widely, but some common symptoms of pregnancy in the first month include:

Missed period: One of the most obvious signs of pregnancy.
Morning sickness: Nausea and vomiting, often occurring in the morning but can happen at any time of day.
Fatigue: Increased levels of progesterone can make you feel unusually tired.
Breast changes: Tender, swollen, or tingling breasts.
Frequent urination: Hormonal changes cause increased blood flow to the kidneys.
Food cravings or aversions: Changes in taste and smell sensitivity.

If you are experiencing one or more of these symptoms we would recommend taking a test and then proceeding to seek a healthcare professional for further advice.

Confirming your pregnancy

If you suspect you're pregnant, the first step is to confirm it. In New Zealand, you have several options:

Home pregnancy urine tests: Available at pharmacies and supermarkets, these tests are a convenient first step.
GP visit: Schedule an appointment with your General Practitioner (GP) for a confirmatory test and initial advice.
Book a dating scan: Get a dating scan to confirm an ongoing pregnancy, which is best performed between 6 and 7 weeks gestation.
Midwife or Obstetrician appointment: You can directly contact a primary care provider to begin your prenatal care.

New Zealand has a Lead Maternity Carer (LMC) system, where you can choose either a midwife, GP or Obstetrician. Ultimately, the decision between a midwife or Obstetrician for your LMC is a personal one. It's important to consider your own circumstances, as well as the availability, expertise, and level of support and individualisation you would prefer.

Confirming your LMC will give you all sorts of confidence during these early stages. You now have a health professional by your side to help guide you through pregnancy. Before your initial appointment, be sure to complete your dating scan and note down any questions or concerns you have.

They’ll be able to walk you through step-by-step what happens next, including blood tests and your next scan.

Initial prenatal tests and scans

Once your pregnancy is confirmed, your LMC will organise several tests and scans. These are routine tests to ensure both your health and that of your baby:

Blood tests: To confirm pregnancy and check for your blood group, Rhesus factor and antibodies, haemoglobin, iron levels, immunity to rubella, your hepatitis B, HIV and syphilis status along with HbA1c to check for diabetes or if you are at high risk of developing diabetes.
Dating scan: Typically performed between 8-12 weeks to determine the gestational age of the baby. Here’s what you can expect at your first ultrasound.

Combined First Trimester Screening (CFTS) or Non-invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT): Conducted between 11-14 weeks to assess the risk of Down syndrome and other chromosomal abnormalities.

Choosing a Lead Maternity Carer (LMC)

In New Zealand, you have the option to choose an LMC, who will be your primary caregiver throughout the pregnancy and birth. This could be a midwife, a GP, or an Obstetrician. The LMC will provide continuous care and support, including:

Regular check-ups and meetings
Arranging necessary tests and scans, and prescribing any necessary medication
Providing information and advice on nutrition, exercise, and any concerns
Planning the birth with you
Post-birth care

Health and wellness tips

Maintaining a healthy lifestyle during pregnancy is crucial. Here are some top tips that will not only make you feel better during pregnancy but will also ensure your baby is happy and healthy:

Nutrition: Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Ensure adequate intake of folic acid, iron, and calcium.
Exercise: Regular, moderate exercise like walking, swimming, or prenatal yoga can help manage weight, reduce stress, and prepare your body for childbirth.
Avoid harmful substances: Stay away from alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs. Limit caffeine intake and stay hydrated with plenty of water.
Prenatal vitamins: Take prenatal vitamins as recommended by your LMC to support your baby's development. Folic acid and iodine supplementation are recommended in pregnancy.

Emotional well-being

Pregnancy can be an emotional rollercoaster, but you’re not alone and we are here to help. It’s important to:

Communicate: Keep open lines of communication with your partner, family, and LMC about your feelings and concerns.
Stay informed: Educate yourself about pregnancy and childbirth through reputable sources. You can always ask us anything that you’re not sure about.
Connect with others: Join prenatal classes or support groups to share experiences and get support.

Early pregnancy is a time of significant change and anticipation. By understanding the symptoms, undergoing necessary tests, choosing the right healthcare provider, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle, you can navigate this period with confidence and ease.

New Zealand’s comprehensive maternity care system is designed to support you every step of the way, ensuring a healthy start for you and your baby.

Here at Wellington Obstetrics, we offer full Obstetric care, including Obstetricians, Maternal Fetal Medicine Specialists, Gynaecologists, and Midwives. We set out to help you navigate your pregnancy in a supportive, confident, and exciting way. If you’d like to talk about navigating early pregnancy, please get in touch.

We're here to support you through every step of this incredible journey.

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Navigating Early Pregnancy: Tests, Symptoms, and more